邵丽推出长篇小说《金枝(全本)》******
《金枝(全本)》书封 人民文学出版社供图
中新网北京1月10日电 (记者应妮)作家邵丽的最新长篇小说《金枝(全本)》日前由人民文学出版社推出。这部作品被评论家们誉为“中原大地上的女性史诗”。
邵丽以恢宏笔触架构了一个庞大的家族故事,囊括了周氏一家五代人在近百年间经历的沧桑巨变。在与宏阔历史对话的同时,她也不忘把视角转向她熟悉的个体家庭,转向那些纠缠不清的父子、母女、婆媳、夫妻等种种关系,并以她独有的触角,伸向人物命运的深处,拷问、审视家族延续的意义、婚姻爱情对女性的塑造和改变。家族故事、革命故事、婚姻故事,伦理、爱情、血缘亲情??这些复杂因素缠绕在女性捍卫家庭、冲破命运、自我更新的成长历程中,终以不可遏制的力量使中原千年故土新生。
人民文学出版社总编辑李红强指出,邵丽是一位勤奋的作家,也是一个有野心的作家,在她心中有一个不断需要抵达的文学理想。也基于此,邵丽对待写作这件事极其认真。《金枝(全本)》在出版前被反复打磨,几经彻底修改,是一部充满作者诚意的作品。从《金枝》到《金枝(全本)》,邵丽实现了一次完美蜕变。她打开叙述维度,在现实中曾无法原谅的亲人身上寻找到写作突破,转换不同的叙述视角全面再现家族史诗。尤其是对家族几代女性内心的探索,非常具有开拓性,堪称“中原大地上的女性史诗”。
在中国作协副主席、评论家李敬泽看来,邵丽是一位具有强大文化自信和性别自信的作家。她的写作直面了当代史的叙述难题,在时代变迁中重建了当代的家族叙事。邵丽面对的生活世界不是《白鹿原》的传统家族世界,而是在这个时代重新把家族和血缘的联系以及由此而来的情感和社会联系作为一种想象对象。所以从这个角度来说,该书的主要价值不仅仅在“史诗”层面,更是从人类学意义上让读者看到这个时代的人们是如何重新面对这些生命中的基本联系,如何在生命的基本联系中重新发现和确立自己生命的意义。无论在生活中,在历史的发展中、时代的变化中,还是在文学的书写中,这都是非常敏锐也非常值得我们进一步探讨的向度。
中国作协创研部主任何向阳表示,《金枝(全本)》是中国作家协会“新时代文学攀登计划”的入选作品,这部作品写的是中原女性,但它并不局限于“中原大地上的女性史诗”这样的概括,它还写了家族、乡土,写了家庭结构、血缘关系等等,涉及面非常广博,这样一部作品确实让我看到《金枝(全本)》是一部心血之作;甚至有些部分看了之后非常心痛,可谓杜鹃泣血之作。邵丽能够写到血缘关系中深层次的既亲又爱、相爱相杀,这些非常复杂、非常丰富、非常疼痛的部分,确实我们都有各个层面的亲身经历。当然不同家庭的幸福和不幸都不一样,但她确实写出了一种普遍性。尤其是在下半部,她完成了“女娲补天”的故事,这个“天”就是人与人、亲人与亲人、血缘与血缘之间原有的一种撕裂、抵触、冲突、焦灼、紧张等等,基本上是一种分裂的状态,但是最终达到一种和解与升华,让大地重新恢复了生机。
“邵丽老师非常让人敬佩的地方是她特别锐利地把我们难以直视的人和人之间的关系都非常尖锐地呈现出来,尤其是女人和女人之间、女儿和女儿之间、前妻和现妻之间这样复杂的关系。”评论家、北京师范大学文学院教授张莉说,很难讲哪位是完美女性,书中并没有一个完美女性,但各种女性形象都在这里。如灯光底下的女性朱珠和暗影里面的穗子,作者把她们放在一起,在一个家族内部完成历史意义上的对话,这应该是这部作品被誉为“中原大地上的女性史诗”的原因。(完)
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)